Who Is Iqbal? biography of allama iqbal in english

Who Is Iqbal? biography of allama iqbal in english

Mohammad Iqbal

Dr. Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal (November 7 to April 1, 2) was one of the most important personalities of the twentieth century, a writer, a lawyer, a lawyer, a politician, a Muslim Sufi and a Tehreek-e-Pakistan. Urdu and Persian used to be poetry and this is the main reason for this. The main trend in poetry was towards Sufism and the Ummah of Islam. He also authored a poetry book in English called "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam". Allama Iqbal is considered a modern Sufi. His most notable achievement as a politician is the creation of the ideological Pakistan, which he presented while chairing a meeting of the Muslim League in Allahabad. This view later became the basis of Pakistan's establishment. That is why Allama Iqbal is considered the ideological father of Pakistan. Although he did not see the establishment of this new country with his own eyes, he has the status of a national poet of Pakistan.

Birth and early life

Allama Iqbal was born on November 3, 2006 (according to Zul-Qa'eda-7 AH) in the British Indian city of Sialkot, the home of Sheikh Noor Muhammad. The parents were named Muhammad Iqbal. There have been some differences between different historians on the birth of the symbol, but the government of Pakistan officially recognizes its birth date on November 3.

Iqbal's ancestors accepted Sialkot after migrating to Kashmir in the late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century and settled in Mahila fields. Sheikh Noor Muhammad was a descendant of the Brahmins of Kashmir. In the era of Ghazi Aurangzeb, one of his followers converted to Islam. At every back, there was a need for one that only kept the path of the heart. These too were from his heart. The elders left Kashmir and settled in Sialkot. His father, Sheikh Mohammed Rafiq, settled a house in Mohalla Khatikan. He started a business selling Kashmiri Louwis and cows. It seems that he and his younger brother, Sheikh Ghulam Muhammad, were born, raised and raised here. Later, Sheikh Mohammed Rafiq Bazar came to Chowrigargan, now known as Iqbal Bazar. They took a small house and lived in it. After his death, Sheikh Noor Muhammad increased the house by buying a two-storey house and two shops adjacent to it.

Sheikh Noor Muhammad was a man of integrity. Religious education was very important for his son. Sialkot was often a friendly event with local scholars. When Iqbal reached Bismillah's age, he was taken to Maulana Ghulam Hassan. Maulana Abu Dhabi - Ghulam Hassan used to teach in the mosque of Mohallah Shawla. Sheikh Noor Muhammad had to come there. From here Iqbal's education began. The custom started with the Quran. For almost a year, it continued that Maulana Syed Mir Hassan, a renowned scholar of the city, came out. One child sat and saw that the first shining light of dignity and happiness was shining. Asked who has a baby When he found out, he got up and walked towards Sheikh Noor Muhammad. The two were intimately familiar with each other. Maulana stressed that you should not restrict your son to the madrassa. For this, modern education is also very important. He wished that Iqbal should be given his training. For some days, Sheikh Noor Muhammad stayed behind, but when the insistence on the other side increased, Iqbal was handed over to Mir Hassan. His school was located in Koha Mir Hassamuddin, near the house of Sheikh Noor Muhammad. Here Iqbal started reading Urdu, Persian and Arabic literature. Three years have passed. In the meantime, Syed Mir Hassan also started teaching at Scotch Mission School. Iqbal also entered there but the old routine remained in its place. When I came from school, I would reach the teacher's service Mir Hassan was a monument to the great teachers for whom life had only one purpose: reading and teaching. But reading and teaching is not the name of a new book. In this good time, the teacher was a mentor. That's what Merhusson used to do. All were well aware of the Islamic sciences, also had a good look at modern sciences. He also specialized in literature, logic, linguistics and mathematics. When teaching students, literary colors were used so that knowledge would not only be locked in memory but also made sense. Thousands of poems were written in Arabic, Persian, Urdu and Punjabi. If a poem were to be opened, there would be twenty synonyms.

Maulana's teaching engagements were many but did not make the study routine. He was also a lover of the Quran and a lover. One of the disciples was called Shah Sahib. Human connection was very close. The thresholds were generous, simple, persuasive, matinee, manicured, and eloquent. It was a daily routine to go to the cemetery after the prayers of the Fajr, to recite the winners at the graves of loved ones and friends. If they were finished, they would look forward to the disciples. The way back is cut off from listening and giving lessons. The series continued at home, even when the school was running. The disciples stayed together. He taught in school all day. In the evenings, the students would come home, and then they would continue teaching until night. Iqbal was very dear to him. He himself was a teacher. Most of the elements that appear to be driven by Iqbal's personality are the charisma of Shah Sahib's companionship and education. Syed Mir Hassan Sir Syed was very convinced. The Aligarh movement was considered useful to Muslims.

Under his influence, Iqbal also developed a love of sardis, which, despite some differences, lasted till the end. The goodwill of the Muslims was the object of Khair Iqbal's house, but Mir Hassan's training gave this spirit an intellectual and practical direction. Iqbal was far ahead of his peers in understanding and intelligence. From childhood, they had the invention and disintegration found in older people. But they were not insects in the book. If a book becomes addicted, then man becomes merely a mental entity. The distance between life and it is created. The facts and experiences of life are simply frozen in the brain, not part of the blood. He also loved sports. Like children, hobbies used to do. The answers were many. Shaykh Noor Muhammad saw all this but did not forbid. He knew that with such things, there was a tendency to become unfriendly and incompetent, which was very important and useful. So Iqbal's childhood was spent with a natural openness and uneasiness. Nature gave him a Sufi father and a scholar who united his heart and intellect. This is what drives Iqbal's rare combination of humor and thought. The facts of the father's heart were realized in detail by the teacher's education. At the age of sixteen, Iqbal passed the matriculation exam. The First Division came and received medals and scholarships.

Intermediate classes were also started at Scotch Mission School so Iqbal did not have to go anywhere for the FA. Thus, his relevance to poetry was evident from his childhood, sometimes he even used poetry, but he was not serious about it, nor was it safe to listen to anyone. Writing and tearing and throwing. But now poetry was no longer just a hobby for them, but a need for the soul. At that time the whole subcontinent was ringing in the name of stain. Their miraculous grip on the Urdu language was especially acknowledged by everyone. Iqbal needed some grip. Send a student request that has been accepted. But this series of reforms didn't continue for long. Dag was a Jagat teacher. As much as Urdu poetry was rooted in the united India, the stained pen was at the forefront. But this color was also new to them. Although at that time the distinguishing feature of Iqbal's word did not appear, but the stains revealed his unique insight that this diamond could not be trimmed. Finished by saying that there is no room for improvement. But Iqbal always stayed focused on this short discipline. Something similar happened with the stain.

Education

On May 3, Iqbal matriculated and on 3, Iqbal did his FA and came to Lahore for further education. Here he enrolled in BA class at Government College and started living in a hostel. Choose English, Philosophy and Arabic articles for yourself. He studied English and Philosophy at Government College and went to Oriental College to study Arabic, where Maulana Faizul Hassan Saharanpuri was such an outstanding teacher. Until then Oriental College was located in a part of the Lahore Government College building, and the two colleges continued to collaborate and collaborate on certain subjects. In 3, Iqbal passed his BA and got admission in MA (Philosophy). Here came Professor TW Arnold's connection to Egypt. Who set the final point of Iqbal's intellectual and intellectual life.

He took the MA exam in March and came first across Punjab. During this time, poetry continued to flow, but did not go to the poets. One evening on November 7, some unsavory classmates dragged him to a concert at the Hakim Aminuddin's house. The large coined teachers, including a large number of pupils, participated. There was also a crowd of listeners. Since Iqbal was so new, his name was called during the time of the disciples. I started reading the lyrics, when it came to the poem that:

Moti Samajh Kar Shan-e-Karimi Ne Chun Liye

Qatray Jo Thay Mere Araq-e-Faaeal Kay

So good teachers have to jump. Began to give a ring of power. From there Iqbal's reputation as a poet started. The audience was called in to the poets. It was during this time that the association with the Association of Islam was born which lasted till the end. In his national and charitable gatherings he used to deliver his word and unite with the people. Iqbal's popularity facilitated many of the association's tasks. At least among the Muslims of Punjab, awareness of religious unity began to emerge at the social level in which Iqbal's poetry played a key role.

After passing his MA, Iqbal was appointed as Macleod's Arabian Reader at Oriental College on May 3. That same year, Arnold was temporarily appointed acting principal of the college. Iqbal stayed at Oriental College for about four years. However, he took six months leave in the middle and taught English at Government College. Wanted to go to Canada or the United States for higher education, but at the behest of Arnold chose England and Germany for this purpose. When Arnold returned to England on 9, Iqbal found his distance tremendous. Dil had said that he should fly to England. In his four years of teaching at Oriental College, Iqbal summarized Stubbs' "Early Pledges" and Walker's "Political Economy" in Urdu. And authored a short book in Urdu called "Knowledge-ul-Aqsaad", which was published in 2A. It is one of the first books on Urdu in its subject.

At the Oriental College, I was appointed as Assistant Professor of English at Iqbal Government College. He later moved on to the field of philosophy. He taught there until October 1, taking a three-year leave to Europe.

Higher Education and Travel Europe

On 3 December Allama Iqbal left for England for higher education and enrolled at Cambridge University Trinity College. Since they were taken as research scholars in college, they were not restricted to hostels like ordinary students. Arranged to stay out of college. It was a little over a month ago that Lincoln had enlisted him for a barrister. And guidance from extracurriculars like Professor Brown. You later moved to Germany, where you received a PhD in philosophy from Munich University.

Sir Abdul Qadir was also here. Cambridge teachers at the same time included rare jobs such as Whitehead, Meg Tiggert, Ward, Brown and Nicholson. Iqbal's close relationship with Meg Tigert and Nicholson was interrupted, but Nicholson's mutual friendship and friendship developed. However, with the magnitude of Meg Tiggert's scholarly age, he was significantly older than Iqbal, though there was no such disparity with Nicholson. Maggart taught the philosophy of Kant and Hegel at Trinity College. He himself was one of the great philosophers of England. Brown and Nicholson were experts in Arabic and Persian. Later, Nicholson also translated an English translation of Iqbal's Persian poem "Mystery Khwaii", which, although he did not like Iqbal altogether, led to a partial introduction to Iqbal's name and work in the poetic and intellectual circles of English-speaking Europe. Sure enough. After coming from England, Iqbal's correspondence with MagTaggert and Nicholson continued.

Arnold, who was not in Cambridge, taught Arabic at London University, but Iqbal used to visit him regularly. In each case, they would have taken any step by taking their advice. At the request of them at the University of Munich P. H. Registered for D. After his BA from Cambridge, he moved to Heidelberg on July 7 to study German and prepare for his oral dissertation at the University of Munich in the same language. Spent four months here. He had already submitted his research paper titled "The Evolution of Metaphysics in Iran", an oral examination was still in progress, and even passed. On November 2, the University of Munich awarded a doctorate. This article was first published in London in 2. The attribution was in Arnold's name.

He returned to London upon receiving his doctorate. Started preparing for the final bar exam After a few months all the exams were completed. July 7 concludes. Successfully declared. After this no longer stayed in England, homeland returned.

During his stay in London, Iqbal also started a series of lectures on various topics, such as Islamic mysticism, the influence of Muslims on civilized Europe, Islamic democracy, Islam and humanity, etc. Unfortunately, none of them are recorded.

Once Arnold went on a long vacation, Iqbal was appointed professor of Arabic at London University for a few months.

In May, when the British Committee of the All India Muslim League was inaugurated in London, at a meeting, Syed Amir Ali was elected chairman of the committee, and Iqbal was nominated as the Member of Parliament.

At the same time, he had decided to abandon poetry, but at the request of Arnold and his close friend, Shaykh Abdul-Qadir, it was abandoned. Poetry in Persian originated in the same period.

During Europe, two basic ideas of Iqbal began to change. Iqbal was oriented towards nationalism and unity. Now Milan was about to turn into Grease. Particularly against the ideology of patriotic nationalism, it would be more correct to say that hate is right.

Upon arriving in Europe, he had the opportunity to directly observe Western civilization and the various ideas driven by his spirit. Well, they never lived in the West, neither before going to Europe nor after arriving there. Instead, they began to think in a wide circle to recover the last rise of the Ummah in the global context without blinding their eyes to the intellectual, economic, political and psychological domination of the West. Even the hidden Buddhism of Western thought and civilization was exposed to them.

On July 7 he left for homeland. Arriving from Bombay, reached Delhi on the night of July 5.

Teaching, advocacy and social services

Initially, after completing his MA, he took up teaching duties at Oriental College Lahore but took up the baristry permanently. Along with advocacy, he continued to do poetry and took active part in political movements. The head speech was received by the government in the year 3. Iqbal Anjum has also been the honorary president of the support of Islam.

Iqbal arrived in Lahore on August 3. One and half months later, the Chief Court started advocating in Punjab. There were only a few days in the profession that M. Oh A College of Philosophy and History Professor at Government College Lahore was presented at Ole College Aligarh, but Iqbal saw fit to advocate for himself and apologized to both institutions. However, the government started teaching philosophy temporarily at Government College Lahore on May 7, at the request and insistence of Punjab, but continued to advocate. As time went on, the engagement continued to grow. Relationships with several organizations and associations were created.

On March 7, Hyderabad Deccan took place. Iqbal's old friend Maulana Grammi was there. During this visit Sir Akbar Haidari and Maharaja Sir Kishan Prasad made a friendly ceremony. Returned from Hyderabad on the thirtieth of March. Aurangzeb departed Aurangabad on his way to visit the universal tomb. Stayed there for two days. Arrived at Lahore on March 7 and again became accustomed to his routine. Now it was becoming increasingly difficult to get teachers and lawyers together. He finally resigned from Government College on December 7, but somehow maintained his association with the College. Iqbal's relationship with not only a government college but also many other universities of Punjab and the subcontinent was born. He was the examiner of Punjab, Aligarh, Allahabad, Nagpur and Delhi University. In addition, Baitul Uloom Hyderabad continued to compile history flags for Deccan. Sometimes you would have to go to Aligarh, Allahabad and Nagpur to take the oral exam. As an examiner had adopted an irrevocable principle that the door to recommendation was closed even to a dear friend.

On March 7, he was nominated a Fellow of the University of Punjab. Together with Lala Ram Prasad, Professor History, Government College Lahore, he has compiled a curriculum book "History of India" which came out in print. At various times, there were members of the Oriental and Arts faculty, the Senate and the Syndicate. In 3 AD the Dean of the Oriental Faculty was created. He received membership of the Academic Council of the University in the same year. He resigned from the Academic Council after being forced out of his numerous engagements, but the university's Vice Chancellor, Sarjan Maynard, refused to let him go. He insisted on withdrawing his resignation. During this time, he was also a member of the Punjab Text Book Committee. A Persian textbook for matriculation students, "Mirina Azam", which was published in 7th. Therefore, Iqbal has been associated with the University of Punjab for almost three years.

Poetry

Urdu and Hindi speakers in South Asia know Muhammad Iqbal as a poet-east. Muhammad Iqbal was the master of sensitive heart and mind. Your poetry is a living poem that will always be the torch for the Muslims of the subcontinent. That is why the word Iqbal is read in every part of the world and Muslims study it with great devotion and understand their philosophy in the subcontinent. Iqbal breathed revolutionary spirit into the new generation and highlighted Islamic greatness. Many of his books have been translated into English, German, French, Chinese, Japanese and other languages. So that people abroad are also welcomed to you. without exageration, Allama Iqbal is considered as a great thinker.